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Battling Zoonotic Threats in Sabah: Why One Health Matters Now More Than Ever

2025-06-06T07:20:16+08:00

Article by:

Prof. Dr. Vijay Kumar & Assoc. Prof. Dr. Zarina Amin

Biotechnology Research Institute,

�鶹��Ƶ

zamin@ums.edu.my

Borneo is a land of breathtaking biodiversity, where lush rainforests, winding rivers, and diverse wildlife have coexisted with human communities for centuries. However, as Sabah continues to develop, we are seeing increasing interactions between humans, livestock and wildlife, raising the risk of zoonotic diseases, where pathogens jump from animals to people.

The COVID-19 pandemic made biosurveillance a global priority, but as we move forward, many of those lessons are being forgotten. In regions like Sabah, where human-wildlife interactions are frequent, biosurveillance needs to remain a priority. The spread of infectious diseases doesn��t just threaten public health as it can impact tourism, agriculture, and even conservation efforts.

The Growing Threat of Zoonotic Diseases in Borneo

One of the most well-documented zoonotic diseases in Borneo is Plasmodium knowlesi malaria, transmitted by mosquitoes from macaques. With Sabah��s rural communities expanding into forested areas, the risk of exposure has increased. Alarmingly, this zoonotic malaria now accounts for the majority of malaria cases in the state.

Beyond malaria, bats in Sabah have been found carrying several previously unknown coronaviruses, similar to the ones responsible for past outbreaks like SARS and COVID-19. These discoveries highlight the risks faced by tourists and locals visiting popular bat-inhabited caves.

Meanwhile, Sabah��s poultry farms have struggled with outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) in 2018. The virus spread rapidly, resulting in the culling of thousands of birds. While no human cases were reported, viral antibodies were detected in some individuals, suggesting previous zoonotic transmission.

In neighbouring Sarawak, rabies remains a major concern, accounting for nearly all cases in Malaysia. With Sabah sharing borders with rabies-endemic regions, ongoing vaccination and surveillance efforts are critical to prevent outbreaks in the state.

Emerging Animal Health Challenges

Diseases affecting livestock and wildlife are also a growing concern. Local strains of Newcastle Disease Virus and Infectious Bronchitis Virus have impacted Sabah��s poultry industry, rendering existing vaccines not as effective as expected. Infected chickens may not pose a direct zoonotic risk, but their decline threatens food security and the livelihoods of farmers.

Marine wildlife isn��t spared either. On Mabul Island and surrounding waters, a rising number of sea turtles are suffering from fibropapillomatosis, a disease caused by a herpesvirus. This condition leads to debilitating tumors, often requiring human intervention for survival. Surveillance is crucial, even in Sabah��s pristine waters, to protect these endangered species.

Additionally, African Swine Fever (ASF) has devastated Sabah��s wild and farmed pig populations. ASF doesn��t infect humans, but its rapid spread among Sus barbatus (bearded pigs) poses a serious ecological and economic challenge. The loss of these animals could disrupt ecosystems and traditional hunting practices in indigenous communities.

Soil, Water, and Rodent-Borne Diseases

Diseases like melioidosis, caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, thrive in Sabah��s tropical soil and have infected both humans and wildlife, including orangutans and macaques. Another persistent threat is leptospirosis, a bacterial infection spread through contaminated water, often carried by rats. Similarly, Bartonella bacteria, which are linked to rodents, are surprisingly prevalent in urban centers of Borneo. These hidden threats highlight the need for ongoing environmental monitoring.

Human Actions and Disease Spillover

One of the biggest challenges in disease prevention is human activity. Poaching and the illegal wildlife trade continue despite conservation efforts. Wildlife, including pangolins, is still being trafficked, often under the radar at local markets. While no zoonotic viruses have been detected in Sabah��s pangolins so far, the risk remains high. Stricter enforcement is needed to curb these activities.

Looking ahead, it is anticipated that large-scale development projects, such as Indonesia��s new capital Nusantara in East Kalimantan, could significantly disrupt wildlife habitat in Borneo��s ecosystems. Increased deforestation, agricultural expansion, and hydropower projects will likely intensify human-wildlife conflicts and heighten disease spillover risks. These large-scale developments are expected to intensify human-wildlife conflicts, habitat loss and disease spillover.

The Way Forward: Strengthening One Health Biosurveillance

Biosurveillance in Sabah involves government agencies, academic institutions, and conservation organizations, but it faces hurdles like limited funding, outdated equipment, and lack of coordination. Strengthening One Health, a collaborative approach integrating human, animal, and environmental health, is essential to addressing these challenges.

We propose five key strategies:

Genomic Surveillance & AI Analytics: Leveraging next-generation sequencing, environmental DNA (eDNA) monitoring, and artificial intelligence (AI) to detect emerging pathogens.
Community Engagement & Education: Educating rural and indigenous communities about zoonotic risks and prevention strategies.
Stronger Enforcement Against Poaching: Strengthening partnerships between government agencies and NGOs to curb wildlife trafficking.
Sustainable Land-Use Policies: Promoting conservation-driven development to minimize human-wildlife conflict.
Policy Integration & Increased Funding: Securing more resources for biosurveillance and integrating One Health into national policies.

Conclusion

Sabah��s rich biodiversity is a double-edged sword, it is a global treasure but also a hotspot for emerging infectious diseases. As human activity continues to reshape landscapes and ecosystems, proactive biosurveillance and a stronger One Health approach are needed.

We urge the formation of an interdisciplinary task force, bringing together public health experts, conservationists, virologists, AI specialists, and policymakers. By combining expertise and leveraging new technologies, Sabah can safeguard both its people and its incredible biodiversity for future generations.

Tough Decisions That Upset People �C The HR Challenges

2025-04-28T01:42:40+08:00

By Associate Professor Dr. Jakaria Dasan,?Faculty of Business, Economics and Accountancy,?�鶹��Ƶ

In every organization, tough decisions must be made at some point. These decisions are usually bold, strategic, and meant for the long term. However, if they seem sudden or confusing, they become unpopular. As the saying goes, ��a weapon can turn on its owner.��

Both corporations and governments experience this. It's known as a daring approach in the corporate world. However, it can result in losses if the market is misinterpreted. In politics, it can be risky; a kamikaze��s move in which one wrong move can lead to downfall.

In Human Resources (HR), such incidents have the power to alter team spirit, trust, and morale in human resources. These unpopular decisions are often known as restructuring. It brings changes that may cause worry or doubt among employees and the public. However, the choice should be given a fair shot if the modifications attract talented and charismatic individuals.

Understanding Unpopular Decisions in HR. This article looks at how tough decisions affect people in an organization, especially from an HR view. It explores how HR leaders can manage negative reactions and safeguard the culture of the organisation.

Restructuring: Strategy vs. Perception. Restructuring is frequently required for major decisions, such as employing new personnel, reorganising teams, or replacing leaders. To remain competitive, HR might view this as the best course of action. However, workers may believe: "Wrong person, wrong time." Staff feel shocked and trust may drop. If communication is poor, rumors spread. What HR sees as smart may feel like punishment to staff. What matters is how changes are made and how they are felt.

Leadership Lessons: Silent Impact. Consider this scenario: a beloved manager is replaced by a talented but unheard-of leader. It makes strategic sense because the company is looking for new talent. However, there is a significant emotional impact on the team. Faith in the former leader is replaced with mistrust and scepticism. The actual issue? Ineffective communication, or the worst a poor communication. The team was not prepared by management. Thus, the abrupt adjustment was painful and perplexing. The team might stay unstable for a while even if the transition is successful.

The True Price of Unpopular Choices. From an HR perspective, the harm manifests itself in more ways than just numbers. Firstly, low employee engagement: Confusion, mistrust, and even hatred result from a lack of explanation. Secondly, leadership credibility declines: Leaders appear self-centred in the absence of candid discussions. Thirdly, workplace culture suffers: Team ties are weakened by restructuring in the absence of common values. These issues might not be included in reports, but they will be discussed in meetings, office gossip, and watercooler conversation.

HR's Role in the Crisis. One aspect of HR's work is making unpopular decisions. However, the impact can be lessened by taking wise actions: 1. Don't be a surprise by telling the story early. Talk about the "why" before the "what." 2. Involve unofficial leaders: There are influencers on every team. Get their help as soon as possible. 3. Be ready for emotional responses: Denial, rage, or rejection can accompany even positive changes. Plan how to help staff cope.

When Care and Courage Collide. In human resources, we have to balance strategy with people's emotions. Not all decisions that are unpopular are bad. However, they can cause scars if done incorrectly. When made by the wrong person, in the wrong way, or at the wrong moment, even the best choice can backfire.
HR is responsible for managing emotions in addition to systems. When bold moves are needed, HR must translate logic into human stories. Because people remember how something happened, not just what happened.

About the Author:

Dr. Jakaria Dasan is an Associate Professor at the Faculty of Business, Economics, and Accountancy, �鶹��Ƶ (UMS). He specializes in Human Resource Management and has experience in both industry and university HR roles.

Is U.S. Tariffs for Malaysia, A Threat or a Wake-Up Call?

2025-04-16T03:16:44+08:00

By: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Caroline Geetha A/P B. Arokiadasan,?

Research Fellow, Centre for Economic Development and Planning,

Faculty of Business, Economics and Accountancy,?�鶹��Ƶ

When the United States announced sweeping new tariffs on all imports, including a 24% levy on Malaysian goods, the immediate reaction here was alarm. After all, the U.S. is Malaysia��s third-largest trading partner.

But beneath the fear lies a deeper question, is this just a threat to our economy or a long-overdue wake-up call? The U.S. justifies the new tariffs as a response to unfair trade practices, and Malaysia is in the radar due to various reasons.?

For one, Malaysia has become a popular hub for transshipping Chinese goods to avoid existing U.S. tariffs. Some Chinese companies were caught routing products through Malaysia to dodge duties. While not illegal under local laws, this practice has raised eyebrows in Washington.

Then there��s Malaysia��s booming semiconductor and electronics industry and U.S. is our largest customer in this sector. U.S. officials worry that our exports to China and our role in global supply chains might indirectly support their trade rivals.

Moreover, Malaysia's expanding export market in electronics and electrical goods presents significant competition to U.S. manufacturers. This substantial export volume underscores Malaysia's growing influence in sectors traditionally dominated by U.S. companies. This poses competitive challenges to American manufacturers.

Lastly, the ongoing concerns about environmental and labour practices in the palm oil industry. The U.S. has imposed restrictions and higher tariffs on Malaysian palm oil exports due to alleged human right issues and environmental degradation, leading to increased U.S. restrictions and tariffs on Malaysian exports. This has put Malaysia under pressure.

On paper, the numbers look threatening. Malaysia��s exports to the United States particularly in high-value sectors like semiconductors and electronics are predominantly driven by foreign direct investment (FDI) and multinational corporations (MNCs) operating within the country, rather than by wholly Malaysian-owned companies.

Many of these high-tech exports, including semiconductors, electrical and electronic (E&E) products, and medical devices, are produced by major U.S., Japanese, German, or European MNCs that have established manufacturing bases in Malaysia. Companies such as Intel, AMD, Texas Instruments, and Broadcom have long operated in regions like Penang and Kulim, using Malaysia as a strategic hub for production and assembly to supply their global value chains, including the U.S. market.

In addition, joint ventures between Malaysian firms and foreign partners, especially in the electronics, palm oil, rubber, and automotive sectors, enable local players to ascend the value chain by leveraging foreign technology and market access.

Meanwhile, fully Malaysian-owned companies are more dominant in commodities such as palm oil, rubber gloves, furniture, and food products, with firms like Top Glove, Hartalega, Sime Darby, and various furniture exporters from Johor playing key roles. These local companies are more exposed to tariff shocks, as they lack the geographic flexibility of MNCs.

MNCs are drawn to Malaysia for its lower production costs, skilled workforce, mature supply chain infrastructure (particularly in Penang and Selangor), political stability and incentives provided by the Malaysian Investment Development Authority (MIDA).

However, the imposition of U.S. tariffs could prompt some of these firms to reconsider their operations in Malaysia, potentially shifting production to other Southeast Asian countries or back to the U.S., while Malaysian exporters may suffer directly due to limited relocation options��ultimately affecting job creation and GDP contributions in Malaysia.

This exposes a long-standing issue that Malaysia has become overly dependent on foreign direct investment (FDI) to drive exports, jobs, and growth. And while FDI creates employment and boosts productivity, the benefits often don��t stick.

Research shows that technology and innovation rarely trickle down. FDI has contributed to labour productivity growth, its impact on Total Factor Productivity (TFP), a better measure of efficiency and technological diffusion by FDI has been limited, particularly in low- and mid-tech sectors. High-value spill overs are largely confined to specific clusters like the E&E sector in Penang, with limited national diffusion.

Furthermore, technology and managerial know-how transfers remain shallow, as most MNCs keep R&D and innovation functions in their home countries, relegating Malaysia to low-to-mid value assembly roles. The situation is compounded by transfer pricing practices that erode Malaysia��s tax base.

Profits are often repatriated. R&D stays offshore. Malaysia does the work��but others reap the rewards. It creates a deficit in the current account in the balance of payment, eventually draining the foreign reserves and weakening the Ringgit.

From a human rights and environmental standpoint, MNCs often relocate polluting industries to developing nations like Malaysia, exploiting weaker labour and environmental regulations, only to later impose ESG-related barriers on Malaysian exports, creating an uneven global playing field.

In this light, rather than fearing U.S. tariffs, Malaysia should treat them as a strategic opportunity to reassess its FDI dependency. It��s tempting to view these tariffs as pure punishment.

But there��s a bigger game at play. Economic tools are used to shape alliances, control technology, and protect strategic industries. If Malaysia remains overly exposed to one or two large markets, it becomes easy prey in such games.

That��s why we must diversify trade relationships, deepening ties within ASEAN, strengthening pacts like the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) and exploring new markets in Africa, the Middle East, and Latin America.

Instead of chasing more FDI at any cost, Malaysia can use this moment to strengthen from within. The government could pivot toward empowering small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), especially in tech and sustainable industries. Rather than assembling parts for others, we could start building our own.

We should also invest in food and energy security, cutting our reliance on imports of essentials like rice, beef, onions, and fuel. Developing agro-tech and scaling up renewable energy could not only reduce vulnerabilities but create new growth sectors.

Reforming education is another crucial step. A system that encourages creativity, entrepreneurship, and research �� not just rote learning �� can nurture a generation ready for high-value jobs in green tech, biotech, and AI.

It��s time to move from just producing workers to producing innovators. At the same time, we must meet international expectations. That means cleaning up labour practices in our plantations, enforcing environmental protections, and aligning our industries with ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) standards. This isn��t about pleasing others �� it��s about creating an economy that is fair, sustainable, and respected globally.

Malaysia stands at a crossroads. We can resist change, or we can seize this moment to build something better. A more resilient, inclusive, and sustainable economy��one that is less about pleasing global giants and more about protecting national dignity. Instead of fearing tariffs, we can treat them as a signal. A signal that it��s time to invest in ourselves.

Reassessing the Sultanate of Sulu��s Renewed Claim to Sabah: A Preliminary Rebuttal

2025-04-08T08:36:47+08:00

By:?Marja Azlima Omar,?Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, �鶹��Ƶ

In April 2025, the Sultanate of Sulu announced its intention to invoke a series of historic treaties, including a 15th-century tributary pact with China and the 1915 Carpenter-Kiram Agreement, as the basis for a $25 billion territorial and damages claim against Malaysia concerning Sabah.

This latest claim undeniably introduces a complex interplay of modern international law, cultural diplomacy and historical legacy.

Thus, this short write-up evaluates the legitimacy of these claims through the perspective of international law, focusing on treaty interpretation, the principle of effective control, and contemporary standards of sovereignty.

Since the Sultanate aims to revive its historical status and sovereignty claims by invoking ancient treaties and fostering alliances among Mindanao Sultanates, such a claim warrants examination of their legitimacy in light of international legal standards and historical accuracy.

By examining the intersection of historical agreements and modern legal frameworks, the brief analysis highlights the symbolic nature of the Sultanate��s position and the disconnect between ancestral narratives and current mechanisms for resolving territorial disputes.

First and foremost, it is essential to note that central to the Sultanate��s argument is the 1405 agreement with the Ming Dynasty. In the said argument, the Sulu Sultanate is presented as evidence of its status as an ��independent tributary state.��

While tributary relations were a diplomatic norm in Imperial China, their existence then lacked the sovereign equivalency implied by modern treaty systems.

Instead, those relationships were hierarchical and ritualistic, intended to maintain harmony and commerce rather than establish enforceable rights or territorial claims. Although Chinese President Xi Jinping acknowledged this relationship during the 600th anniversary of the death of the East King of Sulu in 2017, such recognition is merely symbolic in the absence of legal recognition.

It does not equate to legal endorsement of territorial rights under contemporary international law frameworks.

?In other words, the 1405 China-Sulu relationship remains largely as diplomatic symbolism rather than a pursuit of legal sovereignty.

It is also pertinent to note that the Carpenter-Kiram Agreement marked a pivotal shift in the Sultanate��s role, transitioning from a temporal authority to a religious and cultural institution under American colonial protection.

This means that the 1915 Carpenter-Kiram Treaty was nothing more than a colonial transitional arrangement.

While the Sultan retained ceremonial influence, the sovereignty and administrative power were, however, transferred to the United States.

The agreement does not recognise any enforceable territorial claim over Sabah. Notably, the treaty did not include Sabah, which by then was already under the administrative control of the British North Borneo Company.

?The treaty serves as a historical document of imperial consolidation rather than a legal basis for contemporary territorial claims.

The basis of the Sultanate��s renewed claim also emphasises the interconnectedness between sovereignty, effective control and self-determination.

A seminal principle in international law is effective control, and in this regard, Malaysia has administered Sabah continuously since its formation in 1963.

This de facto governance is reinforced by the people of Sabah��s participation in the Malaysian federation through a referendum.

The involvement in question solidifies its sovereignty over the territory.

Since its inception, the United Nations Charter and subsequent resolutions of the General Assembly have consistently and continuously supported the right to self-determination.

The people of Sabah had clearly exercised this right, and their decision to join Malaysia carries substantial legal weight in comparison to historical claims by external entities. The latter claim falls short of modern international law��s jurisdiction or authority.

?Lastly, one must also set the record straight by insisting that the recent unity covenant of the Mindanao Sultanates was, in fact, a cultural revival, not a legal instrument with binding implications.

The Covenant signed by the Sultanates of Sulu, Maguindanao, and the Rajanate of Buayan reflects a pertinent cultural and historical solidarity among Mindanao��s traditional leaders.

While it may carry sociopolitical significance within particular communities, such agreements are not legally binding in international law unless recognised by sovereign states or treaty-based institutions such as the United Nations.

The revival of these royal networks, while notable for heritage preservation, cannot substitute for state-based diplomacy or legal standing at the United Nations or the International Court of Justice.

In sum, the renewed Sultanate of Sulu��s assertion of territorial rights over Sabah was based on pre-colonial and early 20th-century treaties.

Nonetheless, the treaties lack sufficient grounding in modern international law.

The treaties cited either carry symbolic or obsolete colonial implications that do not translate into current legal authority.

In contrast, Malaysia��s longstanding administration of Sabah and the region��s exercise of self-determination represent stronger legal foundations under international norms. Any credible effort to revisit or resolve the Sabah question must engage with contemporary legal mechanisms and geopolitical frameworks rather than relying on antiquated claims rooted in lost sovereignty.

This article presents an academic argument by Marja Azlima Omar a senior lecturer affiliated with the International Relations Programme at the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, UMS. She obtained her first law degree (LL.B.) and Master��s in International Trade Law (LL.M.) from the University of Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. Over the past few years, she has taught several core courses, including Public International Law, Global Environmental Politics, and Asia and International Trade. She has also published several articles in various academic journals as well as co-authored and co-edited a few books. Among others is ��Sabah Priority Issues: Setting the Course for Change,�� published in 2010. Her recent publications include a book chapter, ��Establishing Animus Occupandi for Effective Occupation of Pulau Layang-Layang: Analysis of Past Decided Cases�� (2024), and ��Empowering Youth: Education for Economic Disadvantage in Sabah, Malaysia�� (2025). Her research interests lie in areas concerning Malaysia and issues in international Law and international relations. She is also interested in Sabah��s environmental and developmental problems, as well as indigenous land rights and native title. She can be contacted via email mazlima@ums.edu.my.

Exploring Japanese Early Childhood Education: Lessons from an Educational Visit

2025-02-03T09:37:45+08:00

Author: Dr Connie Shin @ Connie Cassy Ompok

Faculty of Education and Sports Sciences, University Malaysia Sabah

INTRODUCTION

This article begins with an account of how I discovered my academic voice, emphasizing the importance of teaching children through culture, play, and active parental involvement. Observing children at play reveals qualities that can endure into adulthood. From the "nurture" perspective, it is crucial to cultivate positive attitudes and attributes in young individuals to help them grow into well-rounded adults. Childhood experiences and upbringing significantly influence one's adult life. Therefore, the formative years are the ideal time to foster a sense of unity and shared values.

Young individuals engage in activities that facilitate cross-cultural connections. Guidance may come from parents or older individuals, and children may form a diverse network of acquaintances across different age groups. Given the critical role early childhood education plays in unlocking children's potential and preparing them to face future challenges, ongoing efforts to improve its quality are essential. This study provides insights and reflections gained from an educational visit to Japan.

The National Standard Preschool Curriculum (NSPC) serves as a guideline for all prescho

ols, promoting balanced and holistic development in alignment with the National Education Philosophy (Ministry of Education, 2017). The curriculum focuses on six key components: communication, spirituality and moral values, humanity, self-development, physical and aesthetic development, and science and technology. These components are designed to cultivate critical and creative thinking, moral values, and innovation, ensuring that Malaysia's preschool education system prepares children to meet the country's future workforce demands, as outlined in the Malaysian Education Blueprint (2013�C2025).

The Malaysian government has increasingly prioritized quality control in preschool education, recognizing that a strong early start significantly contributes to children's long-term cognitive and social development, which, in turn, supports the nation's economic progress. Consequently, early childhood education (ECE) has become a central focus for improving educational outcomes. In recent years, research on early childhood education in Malaysia has primarily concentrated on enhancing the curriculum and learning environment.

In Malaysia, preschool education aims to provide learning experiences for children aged four to six years, nurturing their potential across all aspects of development, equipping them with basic skills, and fostering positive attitudes in preparation for primary school. However, the involvement of family and community in a child��s education remains underdeveloped. Research shows that family interaction, peer relationships, and the socio-economic and cultural environment significantly influence a child's overall well-being and development (Ismail et al., 2018; Majzub & Rashid, 2012). These factors are often overlooked when the focus is solely on academic achievement.

Japanese early childhood education (ECE) is marked by a comprehensive approach that emphasizes the integrated development of children��s cognitive, social, emotional, and physical abilities. The focus on play-centered education is a fundamental aspect of this system, in which children participate in both organized and free activities that promote creativity, collaboration, and problem-solving (Akita, 2010; Lewis, 1995). Teaching and learning activities are often shaped by philosophy and belief, integrating diverse cultural and religious influences. These approaches emphasize harmony, a connection with nature, and an understanding of the impermanence of all things.

Hands-on lessons play a crucial role in imparting valuable life skills and fostering positive habits in children. Learning these foundational skills at an early age is vital, as it prepares children for future responsibilities while promoting good habits, such as tidiness and organization. Early education in these areas not only supports personal growth but also lays the groundwork for a disciplined and well-rounded adulthood. During free play, children are encouraged to interact with their peers, fostering social connections and collaboration. This approach emphasizes building relationships and developing interpersonal skills, rather than encouraging solitary play, to promote a sense of community and mutual understanding among children.

To name a few, cultural traits of a country certainly influence the way education policies are formulated. Precision in daily activities has become a key aspect of life. The country's educational priorities are shaped by the drive to excel, with cultural values playing an important role. For instance, it is often said that the Japanese "eat with their eyes," as food is prepared neatly and attractively. Cleanliness and creativity within the community are highly valued. Perhaps the education system reflects the essence of the country��s psyche and culture, incorporating these values into its approach.

This uniqueness is reflected in the activities conducted throughout the year. Here are a few examples:

Community involvement in Japan is deeply embedded in the culture, with a strong emphasis on collective responsibility, cooperation, and mutual support.

Japanese girls Akari and Satsuki, dressed in traditional attire, visit a shrine in Tokyo for the Shichi-Go-San festival. Held annually on November 15, this festival celebrates the growth and well-being of young children, marking an important cultural milestone in Japan.

Madam Toh Keiko always spends time exercising up the hill with her grandchildren, enjoying both the physical activity and the opportunity to bond with them. The hill, surrounded by lush greenery, offers a peaceful escape from the hustle and bustle of everyday life. As they climb, she encourages her grandchildren to appreciate the beauty of nature, teaching them valuable lessons about perseverance and the importance of staying active. The shared experience not only strengthens their physical health but also deepens their connection, creating lasting memories of quality time together.

Madam Toh Keiko always spends time reading storybooks to her grandchildren, creating a warm and nurturing atmosphere in their home. As they gather around, she brings the stories to life with her expressive voice, capturing their imaginations and sparking their love for reading. Whether it��s a fairytale or a story about adventure, her grandchildren eagerly listen, asking questions and engaging with the characters.

Lead a life closely connected to nature, and take time to appreciate its grandeur, beauty, and wonder. Engage with the world around you, exploring the various elements of life and developing a deep curiosity about their nature and organization. Cultivate an awareness of the intricate balance that exists in the natural world.

Acknowledge the importance of all life forms by fostering a sense of respect and appreciation. Take the time to observe and learn about the animals and plants living in your surrounding environment, allowing these interactions to deepen your understanding of the interconnectedness of life. Through this connection, you not only develop a greater appreciation for nature but also nurture a sense of responsibility toward preserving and protecting it.

Familiarity with culture and tradition is essential to nurture awareness of the connection between society and international understanding. The cultural traits of a country certainly influence the way education policies are formulated. Precision in daily activities has become an important value, influencing the way tasks are carried out. National educational priorities in Malaysia are driven by the need for excellence, and cultural elements play a significant role in shaping these priorities.

Despite the growing recognition of the importance of ECCEs, several challenges persist within Malaysia��s preschool education system. Parental engagement remains a critical issue, with studies showing that limited involvement��due to language barriers or a lack of awareness, thus hinders the effectiveness of multicultural education. Parental involvement and community support are crucial for a child's early learning, and without them, ECCE programs struggle to reach their full potential.

Fostering the value of respect for tradition and culture, as well as love for one��s country and regions is essential. Equally important is instilling respect for other countries and a desire to contribute to world peace and the development of the international community. Given the significance of early childhood education as the foundation for lifelong development, it plays a crucial role in shaping individuals who will contribute positively to the global community.

Considering the importance of early childhood education as the foundation for the lifelong formation of one��s character. Abdullah's (2023) study explored the character development of preschool-aged children, highlighting a positive shift towards a scholarly focus on the humanity aspects of early childhood education.? Early education plays a crucial role in building children's potential and preparing them for future challenges, and efforts to enhance its quality must continue. In future, Children must also be equipped with the foundation necessary to become creators of a of a sustainable society while working toward the goals and objectives of such education.

This can be achieved by encouraging each child to recognize their inherent goodness and potential, respect others as worthy individuals, collaborate with diverse people, overcome various social changes, and pave the way for a fulfilling future. Promoting voluntary activities and allowing children to lead a life that reflects their developmental needs��based on the idea that young children utilize experiences essential to their growth��can help them fully demonstrate their abilities in an emotionally stable environment.

In providing comprehensive instruction through play as a spontaneous activity of children in close cooperation with families while looking at the connection with post-elementary school education and life-long learning. Traditional games, in particular, hold significant value as they engage children in activities that promote social interaction, problem-solving, and cultural understanding, further enriching their developmental experiences.

Education during early childhood is crucial in cultivating a foundation for lifelong character development. Teachers must strive to build a relationship of trust with young children and create a positive educational environment in collaboration with them. This can be comprehensively achieved through play-centered instruction, considering that play��a spontaneous activity for children is an essential aspect of learning. Play helps cultivate a balanced development of both physical and mental aspects.

To encourage children to look forward to and stay motivated for future activities, it is important to help them gain perspective on and reflect upon their play and daily life experiences. Teachers should actively foster children's voluntary activities through various approaches, empowering them to take initiative and engage with their surroundings. Additionally, supporting early childhood education both at home and within the community is crucial to enriching children's overall lives. By strengthening these efforts, children's development can be enhanced in a holistic way, ensuring they are well-prepared for future challenges.

Given the close interrelationship between mental and physical health, teachers should promote the flexible development of both the body and mind in children. This approach allows children to experience a sense of self-awareness and fulfillment, which is fostered through warm relationships with teachers and peers. Teachers should encourage children to build the ability to relate to others in a group, where each individual is valued.

In doing so, teachers should help children act with confidence, showcasing their abilities within the group. This process involves recognizing their own unique characteristics and positive qualities, while also receiving affirmation from teachers and friends. Such interactions support the development of a healthy sense of self and social connection, both of which are vital for a child's overall well-being.

In conclusion, childhood and the experiences we have during our formative years play a defining role in shaping our adult lives. When it comes to unity, the most influential period is during these early years. Young people engage in activities that foster cross-cultural interactions, and depending on their age, they may be guided by parents or older individuals while forming friendships within a multi-racial community. Let us work together to build a beautiful, united Malaysia.

The author would like to thank Madam Toh Keiko (�� ��), from Kasuga City, Fukuoka Prefecture (��h��), for sharing photos of how she raises her two beautiful grandchildren.

REFERENCES

Akita, K. (2010). Early childhood education in Japan: A historical perspective. International Journal of Early Childhood, 42(2), 101�C116. https://doi.org/10.20617/reccej.59.1_3
Abdullah, M. A. R. (2023). Learning moral values through cartoons for Malaysian preschool-aged children. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 22(6), 370-394. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.22.6.20
Ismail, I. M., Anis, S. K., Subramaniam, T. S., Amiruddin, H., & Ismail, M. E. (2018). Penerapan elemen perkembangan kognitif, psikomotor dan sosio-emosi dalam permainan dalam mencapai objektif Kurikulum Standard Prasekolah Kebangsaan. Online Journal for TVET Practitioners, 1, 1-10. ISSN 2289-7410
Majzub, R. M., & Rashid, A. A. (2012). School readiness among preschool children. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 46, 3524�C3529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.06.098
Ministry of Education. (2017). National Preschool Curriculum Standards (KSPK). Ministry of Education.
Lewis, C. C. (1995). Educating hearts and minds: Reflections on Japanese preschool and elementary education. Cambridge University Press.

Sabah Day, a Meaningful Day to Remember

2024-08-19T05:39:08+08:00

By:?Dr. Eko Prayitno Joko,?Head of the History Programme, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, �鶹��Ƶ

From colonised to independent. From the Federation of Malaya to the Federation of Malaysia. From National Day to Sabah Day. This transition marks the 61^st anniversary of Malaysia��s formation, the 67^th year of independence, and two years since the celebration of Sabah Day. The process has been long. The spirit is strong, but the substance remains limited.

If the previous generations sacrificed their lives for the country��s independence, then the current generation is responsible for giving meaning to that independence. Unfortunately, the understanding of independence still remains largely literal, just a statement which states Malaysia��s freedom from colonial rule. In terms of contents, it is marked with red date on annual calendar which remains constant. Celebrated with fireworks show by people of all backgrounds. Discussed in higher education by scholars, or celebrated through parade contingents in open fields, these rituals are consistently performed, displayed with colour and endless noise. It is not entirely wrong, it is just insufficient.

Imbuing independence with meaning requires more than symbolic celebrations. Thus, independence must be viewed in a broader context, relevant to the era��s context, and aligned with the aspirations of citizens. Today, Malaysia��s independence should be symbolised by a spirit of unity, inclusive action, and the celebration of diversity.

This spirit has long been nurtured and continues to be celebrated under the administration of unity government. Guided by the spirit of reform, the government is open not only to political democratisation but also to rewriting history. This openness allows for the potential documentation of new, localised narratives as part of Malaysia��s historical development.

Such openness seems welcomed in the context of Sabah��s development. This matter is marked by gazetting of Sabah Day, symbolising the state��s freedom from British rule. This gazetting does not mean that Sabah rejects the celebration of National Day but is simply a way to appreciate the contributions of Sabahans that are less mentioned in the national historiographical context. In other words, National Day and Sabah Day will be celebrated on the same date. Both brings the same meaning of independence. Both are about appreciating the contributions of past heroes.

Sabah Day �C A Gap in Need of Fulfilment

The gazetting of Sabah Day is not intended to be provocative. Its celebration aims to expose the younger generation in Sabah about the diversity of independence history among regions within Malaysia. This effort raises the possibility of ��history awareness�� related to local history richness in the context of national historiography. Nonetheless, the gazetting of Sabah Day must align with ��historiography of liberation.�� It should be capable to democratising ��national historiography��. Otherwise, Sabah Day will only be celebrated with independence slogans, accompanied by waving of the Jalur Gemilang and Sabah state flag.

The people of Sabah need more than these gestures. Sabah Day should be a medium to challenge the imbalance in historical representations within national historiography. This needs to be realised as understandings of national historiography is more highlighted in the perspectives of the Peninsular Malaysia. It is not comprehensive as it marginalises the historical perspectives of the Borneo communities �C specifically in Sabah. This imbalance can be corrected by reconstructing the national historiography, which can be addressed through the content of Sabah Day.

This medium can be used to highlight the leadership of Sabah figures in Malaysia��s development. Their contributions should be positioned on par with leaders from Peninsular Malaysia, widely acknowledged in national historiography. Introduced more frequently to Malaysians. Through this approach, national historiography becomes more democratic and humane, transcending ideological, social status, and regional boundaries. National historiography will no longer be discussed narrowly and written based on ��what actually happened�� instead of ��what is said to have happened��.

In addition to restructuring national historiography, Sabah Day��s narrative should also be broadened in terms of its themes. Previously, the narratives of Sabah��s independence history are centred around ��history from above,�� which now needs to be balanced with the writing of ��history from below��. Same goes to the historical collections, needs to be diversified. Reconstruction should not only rely solely on documentary sources, but also include oral histories from the locals. By doing so we can more frequently hear the voices of the ��marginalised communities,�� the ��poor�� and the ��illiterate�� in the local history writings of Sabah. This goal must be realised so that Sabah��s history, once uniform, will become more diverse.

The theme shift in writings of Sabah��s history will undoubtedly contribute to the nationalisation of local history. Moreover, more narratives of Sabah��s history can be documented and shared with the wider community. Subsequently, this matter will assist in the efforts of more history discourse within the national curriculum. Previously, the efforts were unsuccessful because it is hard for students to obtain materials on Sabah��s history, now the issue can be resolved.

UMS - The Vanguard of Giving Meaning to Sabah Day

The objective of empowering the content of Sabah Day is not easy. To succeed it requires cooperation from all parties, especially academics. In this matter, �鶹��Ƶ (UMS) holds great potential to achieve this goal as it is the only university in the Borneo region with a history programme and experts specialised in Borneo. This strength is further enhanced by UMS��s history programme focusing on expertise and research related to Borneo. These efforts are carried out through classroom activities, book and journal publications, conference presentation, and research among its academic peers.

In addition to the interest of the academic peers in Borneo �C Sabah research, this passion is also shared by its students. As of now, undergraduate theses from history students are stored neatly in the Inon Shaharuddin Library. Most of it are yet to be published due to financial constraints, despite its potential in enriching Sabah��s historiography is outstanding.

The opportunity of UMS to be the lead in giving meaning to Sabah Day through the documentation of local history is becoming harder to deny. This idea does not need to be explained through lofty theories but based on grounded empirical data. Given Sabah��s strategic position as a crossroads for communities from Asia and Europe, UMS has the potential to become a hub for Borneo-related studies. This idea has actually been voiced by Distinguished Professor Dr. Shamsul Amri, about the ability of UMS to become ��champion�� in providing resources related to Borneo collections. However, this idea has not been realised due to constraints that prevents the efforts of academic peers of UMS in implementing it. Nevertheless, this matter continues, be it slowly but steadily. With consistent work, surely one day every knowledge and research on Borneo �C Sabah carried out by UMS will be appreciated. Sought after to give meaning to Sabah Day. Called upon to democratise national historiography!

UMS Clock Tower: A Great Opportunity for Young Engineers

2024-04-02T03:39:29+08:00

Author: Dr. Connie Cassy Ompok

Faculty of Psychology and Education, �鶹��Ƶ

connieompok@ums.edu.my

In response to The Star article dated Saturday, February 17, 2024, titled "Put Out More Lucrative Offers to Keep Local Engineers," Malaysian stakeholders emphasized the necessity of offering more competitive incentives to retain local engineers.

As some Malaysian engineers are lured abroad by superior salary packages and others opt to leave the sector entirely, concerted efforts are deemed imperative to bolster the domestic engineering workforce.

In 2014, �鶹��Ƶ (UMS) achieved a significant milestone by becoming the first Public Higher Learning Institution to erect a clock tower on its campus. Standing at a height of 9 meters, the clock tower was situated at the heart of the UMS roundabout, poised to become a prominent landmark and source of pride for the UMS community.

During the inauguration ceremony, the Vice-Chancellor, Prof. Datuk Dr. Mohd. Harun Abdullah, emphasized the symbolic significance of the UMS clock tower, highlighting its representation of the value of time for intellectuals and scholars.

He stressed its role in instilling the discipline of time management not only among students but also among the staff of UMS. The construction of the UMS Clock Tower coincided with the university's 20th anniversary, making it an iconic symbol of this milestone.

Inspired by the vision of the 4th vice-chancellor, the concept was translated into an artistic form at the Concept Idea stage.

The original design concept was crafted by Suhaimi Latip, a Senior Architect Assistant at JPP, and further developed and brought to fruition through Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) efforts by BHO MELATI.

Uniqueness of UMS Clock Tower in Children Learning

According to Prof. Emeritus Dato�� Dr. Noraini Idris, the appeal of incorporating geometric foundations into early childhood education, emphasizing the importance of using the environment to facilitate learning.

It underscores the necessity of utilizing visuals, various shapes, and hands-on activities to engage young learners. Furthermore, it highlights the significance of STEM education in fostering critical thinking and reasoning skills from an early age, thereby laying the groundwork for lifelong learning.

STEM education is praised for promoting collaboration and knowledge-sharing among educators and students, thereby enriching their educational experiences. The statement also stresses the relevance of STEM skills, such as critical thinking, creativity, and collaboration, in today's job market. These skills complement 21st-century competencies like communication and literacy, empowering students to tackle real-world challenges and innovate solutions, thus enhancing their adaptability and competitiveness.

The statement advocates for a teaching approach that integrates Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math through hands-on activities, aiming to spark greater interest in STEM subjects among learners. It enumerates the benefits of STEM education for students, including enhanced critical thinking skills, preparation for future careers, improved technological literacy, promotion of innovation and creativity, emphasis on teamwork and collaboration, and enhancement of career readiness (Noraini, Ompok, Ling & Tambagas, 2019).

The Young Engineers

The Young Engineers program, centered around the UMS Clock Tower, represents an innovative approach to nurturing informal engineering skills in young children. Utilizing the UMS Clock Tower as a tool for assessment, this program concentrates on several crucial aspects of engineering that have been identified through a comprehensive literature review.

The Young Engineers program at the UMS Clock Tower is crafted to provide learners with the opportunity to put their classroom-acquired engineering skills into practice. By integrating basic technology and engineering elements, this initiative encourages participants to devise creative and innovative solutions for real-world challenges. Through engaging in both minds-on and hands-on activities, students can actively explore and develop practical problem-solving abilities.

The program's objective is to cultivate learners' engineering skills while also bolstering their problem-solving abilities, computational thinking, design thinking, creativity, communication, collaboration, data literacy, and computer science proficiency.

Children as Engineers

Utilizing the UMS Clock Tower as a focal point, children can be introduced to the fundamentals of engineering. They will discover the individuals behind the design and construction of the UMS Clock Tower, gaining insights into the step-by-step design process as they engage in activities to construct miniature versions of the tower using various shapes. This hands-on approach not only fosters their creativity but also hones their critical thinking skills.

As the demand for STEM education continues to rise, there is an increasing need for highly qualified STEM educators who can proficiently teach these subjects. Empowering more young individuals to pursue engineering and related fields can contribute significantly to fulfilling this demand. Introducing young engineers through the UMS Clock Tower initiative necessitates specialized skills and knowledge that may not be commonly possessed by traditional educators. By fostering the development of more young engineers, we can enhance the quality of STEM education, ensuring that students receive the most comprehensive and effective learning experiences possible.

The series of dissections commences with a two-piece game and progresses to three, then four-piece games. At each stage, children are tasked with "fixing" the pieces of paper (reconstructing the original square), forming shapes with the pieces, and identifying the shapes they create.

The involvement of young engineers through the UMS Clock Tower initiative contributes to the advancement of technology integration in education, which is crucial for preparing students for the demands of the 21st-century workforce. The app serves as an interactive educational tool designed to teach children about shapes in an enjoyably and engagingly. It consists of two mini-games and a learning interface.

The learning interface offers an immersive experience, blending captivating visuals and audio to facilitate children's understanding of shapes. One of the mini-games focuses on reinforcing children's comprehension and memory of shapes, while the other challenges them to solve puzzles by arranging shapes into specific complex forms, such as a house. Overall, the app provides a comprehensive and entertaining learning platform for children to explore the world of shapes.

Fostering Engineering Skills Through Play

When children immerse themselves in engineering activities, they activate and develop their reasoning and problem-solving abilities dynamically. Through observation, investigation, analysis, and problem-solving, they engage with their environment, exploring and enhancing their competencies in the field of engineering.

While constructing the UMS Clock Tower, young children can engage in making observations, measurements, and comparisons. They can also record their observations, thoughts, and ideas, as well as construct arguments supported by evidence. Additionally, they can read and communicate information effectively.

New vocabulary related to building materials, such as "balance" and "support," can be introduced during the child's exploration. The introduction of new words should be tailored to the student's needs and relevant experience, ensuring that it enhances their understanding of the topic. Through the UMS Clock Tower, children can become familiar with terminology like "semi-oval," "octagon," "layout," and more.

Children will measure the dimensions and compare the variations in the design of the UMS Clock. Children will determine the sequence of construction for the UMS Clock Tower to ensure a sturdy and balanced structure. Children will construct a UMS Clock Tower using suitable materials to withstand loading and stress. Children assemble the cut paper pieces and organize the resulting shapes to construct the UMS Clock Tower.

Children arrange and ensure the balance of the shapes generated to build the UMS Clock Tower.

Through the activity of cutting various shapes using the UMS Clock Tower spreadsheet, children will grasp the concept of squaring. By viewing the UMS Clock Tower video, children can observe the tower's design from a 360-degree perspective, gaining insight into its structure from different angles.

During the construction of the UMS Clock Tower, children will discover how to join pieces of paper using glue to form shapes. As they build the UMS Clock Tower, children will arrange the construction layout in the correct sequence to create a square shape instead of a triangular one.

Children engage in communication by discussing buildings similar to the UMS Clock Tower and describing the shapes observed. Children engage in communication by discussing buildings akin to the UMS Clock Tower and articulating the shapes observed within it. The vocabulary employed by children mirrors that of engineers, encompassing terms such as 'balance,' 'design,' 'semi-oval,' 'octagon,' 'layout,' 'triangle,' and more. Integrating engineering activities into early learning education prompts children to perceive and reason in novel ways, fostering the development of their soft skills. It teaches them to amalgamate or innovate upon existing knowledge, enabling them to devise fresh and inventive solutions.

The children will engage in discussions and share their experiences regarding buildings that bear a striking resemblance to the design of the UMS Clock Tower. During the construction of the UMS Clock Tower, children will strategize which components should be tackled first to streamline the construction process. While viewing the UMS Clock Tower video, children will engage in discussions to recognize and comprehend the concepts employed in its design. Children will discuss the proper technique for cutting the UMS Clock Tower spreadsheet. Children express excitement both while watching the video and during the construction of the UMS Clock Tower.

When cutting, gluing, and assembling the UMS Clock Tower, children will deliberate and determine which tasks should take precedence. Through the UMS Clock Tower spreadsheet, children will envision the process and outcome of constructing the UMS Clock Tower. The materials utilized for constructing the UMS Clock Tower are both affordable. The UMS Clock Tower innovation incorporates a diverse range of equipment and incorporates technological elements.

The elegance, beauty, and historical significance of the UMS Clock Tower, as well as its surrounding scenery, can serve as sources of inspiration for children. The design of the UMS Clock Tower facilitates easy comparison of sizes and shapes for children.

The incorporation of simple technology in the innovation process ensures easy access to the UMS Clock Tower video for both teachers and children.

Young engineers through the UMS Clock Tower can foster innovation and creativity in students by introducing them to novel tools, technologies, and problem-solving approaches. Furthermore, young engineers through the UMS Clock Tower can play a vital role in promoting equity and access to high-quality STEM education.

By offering students in underserved communities the same opportunities as those in more affluent areas, this initiative helps bridge educational gaps and ensures equal access to learning resources. Moreover, young engineers through the UMS Clock Tower initiative contribute to meeting the pressing need for expanding the local engineering workforce. By nurturing interest and skills in engineering among students, this program helps address current demands and ensures a robust pipeline of engineering talent.

Marketing for Positive Social Change

2024-02-06T09:03:40+08:00

Embarking on a mission for a greener tomorrow, Faculty of Business, Economics and Accountancy (FBEA), �鶹��Ƶ (UMS) students initiated the "Strawvolution: Metal Straws for Sustainable Future" and ��Do something Drastic, reduce the Plastic�� project as part of their Social Marketing course, taught and guided by Dr. Bamini KPD Balarishnan. The idea behind the social marketing course is to bring positive social behavioural change within the community by using marketing principles. Dr. Bamini emphasises that marketing techniques and strategies can be applied to advance societal wellness rather than just increase business profits.

The ��Strawvolution campaign was conducted in SMK Bandaraya among the form 4 students. This environmentally conscious initiative advocates for a simple yet impactful change swapping plastic straws for reusable metal alternatives. This campaign fulfils the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 12: Responsible Consumption and Production.

The project's core message revolves around the detrimental environmental effects of single-use plastic straws. By encouraging fellow students to adopt metal straws, Strawvolution seeks to curb the alarming plastic waste that plagues our ecosystems. Plastic straws, often in landfills and oceans, contribute significantly to pollution and harm marine life. The metal straw alternative presented by the project serves as a tangible step towards reducing this ecological footprint. The call to action resonates the core principles of UMS Eco-campus community, urging students to reconsider their daily habits in reducing the consumption of plastic. Participants were urged to embrace metal straws as a sustainable choice, emphasizing the long-term benefits of reducing plastic consumption. This social marketing campaign was executed by a team of student in collaboration with the Kota Kinabalu Environment Department (Jabatan Alam Sekitar) represented by Mdm. Chai Hsieh Nee who gave the talk on the negative consequences of plastic straws to the environment.

The social marketing campaign not only tackles the environmental crisis but also instils a sense of responsibility and awareness among secondary students, fostering a culture of mindful consumption. Strawvolution's impact extends beyond the immediate environmental sphere. It serves as an educational platform, enlightening students about the broader implications of their choices. The project encourages critical thinking about the lifecycle of everyday items and how individual decisions contribute to global issues. By actively participating in Strawvolution, students not only reduce their plastic waste but also become ambassadors for sustainable practices within their social circles. In the spirit of unity and shared responsibility, Strawvolution underscores the importance of collective action in addressing environmental challenges. Through this initiative, UMS students are not just embracing metal straws; they are contributing to a broader movement for sustainable living and paving the way for a more environmentally conscious future.

On the other hand, another dynamic team of student from the same Social Marketing course taught by Dr. Bamini with were at the forefront of a meaningful environmental movement in Kota Kinabalu. In collaboration with the Kota Kinabalu City Council, Dewan Bandaraya Kota Kinabalu (DBKK) and Eco-Campus UMS, this dedicated group was promoting social change through their impactful "Do Something Drastic, Cut the Plastic" campaign.

The team of student orchestrated a compelling campaign at Servay 1Borneo, where they distributed informative flyers and eco-friendly reusable bags. Through engaging directly with the community, the team sought to cultivate awareness and inspire individuals to adopt sustainable practices, thereby minimizing their dependence on single-use plastics.

A pivotal moment in their campaign was a talk held on December 18, 2023, at the Foyer of FBEA, UMS. The event featured esteemed panelists, Mr. Leong Tze Fui, Director of the Department of Solid Waste Management at DBKK, and Dr. Robert Francis Peters, Director of Eco-Campus UMS.

During the event, the student actively participated in discussions, underscoring their commitment to fostering environmental responsibility within the university and the broader community. Their mission is about reducing plastic consumption and inspiring a sustainable mindset among fellow students and beyond. With the distinctive name ��Do something drastic, reduce Plastic,' this student group is dedicated to making a tangible impact. Their presence at Servay 1Borneo and their involvement in the public talk epitomize the potency of grassroots movements led by enthusiastic students. As they continue to spearhead initiatives, the serves as a beacon for change, encouraging a shift towards more eco-conscious habits and contributing to a sustainable and environmentally responsible future in Kota Kinabalu.

According to Dr. Bamini, both the social marketing campaigns have reached the objective to bring enlightenment and positive behavioural change among the consumer in Kota Kinabalu, to be more responsible and mindful in their effort to support the SDG12 by 1. Reducing plastic waste and 2. Being thoughtful about what consumer buy and choosing a sustainable option whenever possible. The campaign ensure consumer reduce the consumption of plastic��one of the main pollutants of the ocean. Carrying a reusable bag, refusing to use plastic bags and straws are good habits for consumer in Kota Kinabalu city to do their part.

Making informed purchases also helps. For example, the textile industry today is the second largest polluter of clean water after agriculture, and many fashion companies exploit textile workers in the developing world. If you can buy from sustainable and local sources, you can make a difference as well as exercising pressure on businesses to adopt sustainable practices. Through executing the social marketing campaign, the FBEA, UMS students have gained problem solving, leadership, teamwork and professionalism skills for life-long learning experience and become a responsible business professionals in the future.

(Article by Dr. Bamini KPD Balakrishnan, Senior Lecturer at Faculty of Business, Economics and Accountancy UMS)

Crisis Traits And Competencies

2024-01-02T05:53:59+08:00

By Dr. Jakaria Dasan, Director, Corporate Communication Centre

A crisis is a significant calamity that can arise from a natural disaster, illness, human error, intentional purpose, or any combination of these. When it comes to the workplace, a crisis is an unforeseen event that serves as managers' ultimate test. Insufficient knowledge can quickly cause panic attacks and impair one's ability to think clearly. As a result, as the crisis worsens, the situation gets worse.

Notably, maintaining composure is the best course of action. It is required of you as the crisis management accountable officer to provide a great deal of explanation. Your first response is to go back to the four traits of a crisis that will help you deal with it effectively.

The element of surprise comes first. A crisis strikes without warning and without any indication of when, what, or how it may manifest.? Without adequate planning, you won't be able to control the situation and will be taken by surprise.

At that point, the second crisis characteristic��a lack of information��appears. Your delayed reactions to the issue will highlight the team's shortcomings. It makes sense that having less facts makes it harder for you to make a strategic decision.

When a crisis strikes, things usually happen quickly. Things happened so quickly that you were barely able to get enough sleep or healthy meals. You'll feel emotionally spent and depleted. Actually, this third trait makes you just focus on the here and now, forcing you to make a snap judgement.

Fourth, the media, authorities, stakeholders, and rivals will be closely observing. Every action feels as though it is being examined closely. The stress of being unprepared will only make matters worse.

Crucial crisis management techniques are essential crisis competencies. The first competency is effectively leading the crisis to its conclusion, which calls for a capable team and a strong leader. It is the team leader's responsibility to lead, not to manage, the crisis. First, trust must be built, and positive behaviours and deserving deeds shape perceptions.

Second, by identifying risks and organising solutions in advance, organisations can strengthen their crisis management capabilities. Establishing a fundamental communications framework is equally crucial to avoid wasting time in an emergency. Be aware of who makes decisions for you, how to reach them, and the messages you are sending. Keep the contact details for your security team, human resources, pertinent departments, communications team, and anybody else you might need to get in touch with readily available.

Thirdly, you must possess the ability to understand your audience and the media ecosystem as an environment. Put differently, it is crucial to adjust your communications plan according to your surroundings. It is imperative to possess an understanding of your target audience, cultivate connections with prominent figures in the media and industry, and prioritise each choice you make.

In conclusion, you need to be aware of the four hallmarks of a crisis before you can effectively manage one: the element of surprise, the lack of appropriate information, the rapid tempo of the event, and the intense scrutiny. You'll feel more at ease and prepared to steer the crisis through to resolution if you combine this understanding with the crisis competencies.

Dr. Jakaria Dasan is a senior lecturer at the Faculty of Business, Economics, and Accountancy at �鶹��Ƶ. He holds a doctorate in human resource management and is a Corporate Communication course lecturer. One of the main subjects of his Corporate Communication course is crisis management. In addition, he is the Director of the UMS Corporate Communication Centre, where he has some expertise in managing crises.

Road To A Jumbo Disaster

2023-10-23T03:00:32+08:00

[The Star, 23 October 2023]

I HAVE dedicated almost 17 years to the conservation of biodiversity in Sabah. During this time, I��ve been privileged to contribute to safeguarding the wild Bornean elephant, the smallest among Asian elephants. It��s worth emphasising that Bornean elephants are not dwarf elephants.

There are only about 1,500 such wild elephants remaining, and these are found only on the east coast of Sabah.

A significant population of Bornean elephants resides within the continuous tropical rainforests, and fortunately, these forests are primarily safeguarded and preserved through the Heart of Borneo (HOB) initiative.

For me, Sabah is always at the forefront of environment protection and conservation, nationally and internationally.

Like the other world��s rainforest, HOB, spanning Indonesia, Brunei, and Malaysia, is constantly under pressure for exploitation and socio-economic development.

The contentious proposal to carve the Pan Borneo Highway (PBH) through a pristine, fully protected forest reserve within HOB has entrenched environmentalists, policymakers, and local communities in an unyielding discourse.

Many have tirelessly voiced their grave concerns regarding the potential ecological repercussions on this unspoiled natural sanctuary.

The Pan Borneo Highway, a grand infrastructure endeavour, aspires to fortify regional transportation links.

The initiative is said to profoundly reshape the state��s transportation landscape and establish an extensive network of highways and connecting roads, seamlessly linking Sabah to its neighbours, Sarawak and Brunei.

However, the chosen path through the protected forest reserve continues to raise alarms regarding its environmental impact.

Conservationists�� stance

At the recent Heart of Borneo Conference in Kota Kinabalu, my colleague from the Community Elephant Ranger Team (CERT), Jascika Jaunny, and I co-presented a thought-provoking presentation titled ��Humans, Habitats, Highways: Preserving the Heart of Borneo��.

We, representing the Coalition Human Habitats Highways (Coalition 3H), cast a spotlight on the pivotal role of the Tawai Forest Reserve. We emphasised that the integrity of the Tawai Forest Reserve is vital if we want to enhance the potential for ecotourism activities in Telupid (a district in central Sabah).

The Tawai Forest Reserve has a rich diversity of plant and animal species within the forest, including several endangered species such as the Bornean elephant, orang utan, sun bear, and recently rediscovered Bornean peacock-pheasant, which was once thought to be extinct in Sabah.

We predict that the highway��s construction threatens habitat destruction, increased pollution, and the fragmentation of wildlife habitats, amplifying issues like poaching, wildlife roadkill, and human-wildlife conflicts.

The 3H Coalition has proposed alternatives that we believe will safeguard the integrity of the Tawai Forest Reserve, prevent forest fires, reduce the risk of forest encroachment, and protect the forest watershed, which is the Telupid town��s primary water source.

Route 3 and 4 on the map would replace busy ferry crossings, and benefit communities isolated north of the river.

Yes, these alternatives are indeed more expensive than the current alignment. However, opening up of Tawai Forest Reserve will open up a Pandora��s box of unplanned environmental issues in the future.

Our recommendations are rooted in robust scientific data and meticulous field observations, aiming to create a win-win scenario for the local population and wildlife.

We have tried different platforms, documentaries, press releases, reports, and workshops to shed some light on this issue.

The Coalition 3H is optimistic that the Sabah government and its agencies will carefully reconsider the development of 40km of Pan Borneo Highway stretches in the Tawai Forest Reserve and reroute the highway to a region more amenable to human and wildlife coexistence.

Sabah has always been a champion in preserving its biodiversity and environment. In this critical juncture, we must join hands and pool resources to ensure that future generations do not pay for our ill-advised decisions today.

(Dr Nurzhafarina Othman is a Senior Lecturer at �鶹��Ƶ and founder of Pertubuhan Pemuliharaan Biodiversiti Sabah (Seratu Aatai). She became a member of 3H Coalition since 2018)